Bibliographische Detailangaben
Beteiligte: PAN, ZHONGDANG, McLEOD, JACK M.
In: Communication Research, 18, 1991, 2, S. 140-173
veröffentlicht:
SAGE Publications
Medientyp: Artikel, E-Artikel

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Umfang: 140-173
ISSN: 0093-6502
1552-3810
DOI: 10.1177/009365091018002002
veröffentlicht in: Communication Research
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Kollektion: SAGE Publications (CrossRef)
Inhaltsangabe

<jats:p> This article presents an epistemological view of levels of analysis. According to this view, four types of relationships need to be differentiated: macro-macro, macro-micro, micro-micro, and micro-macro. The two within-level relationships are linked by the two cross-level relationships that, in turn, are explicated by various theories of organizational, institutional, and social processes. Mass communication is thus conceived of as a process from production to consumption that occurs at both micro-individual and macro-social levels. The contributions of this multilevel view of mass communications to theoretical development in the field is illustrated by analyzing three prominent theories in our field: the knowledge gap, cultivation, and the spiral of silence. Finally, the article discusses the available research techniques and strategies for dealing with multilevel research questions. </jats:p>